As you're writing your essay, keep in mind that this is an academic analysis and not an annotated bibliography. In other words, your paragraphs should not revolve around your sources (paragraph 1 summarizing source 1, for example); instead, your paragraphs should revolve around your ideas, and you will use your sources where they are relevant to your ideas. This means that some paragraphs may not use sources at all whereas other paragraphs may use as many as four sources (if all four sources are exploring a similar, specific point).
Furthermore, one hallmark of advanced writing is the effectiveness with which one uses another person's words and ideas. There are three ways to accomplish this: summary, paraphrase, and direct quote. To summarize or paraphrase means to keep the author's ideas but to reconstruct them in your own language, syntax, and voice (while giving attribution to the original author, of course). To directly quote a source is to keep the author's ideas and words (if the language is vivid enough to be worth keeping). However, when using a direct quote, writers should avoid free-standing quotes (also known as dropped, floating, or cut-and-pasted quotes). A free-standing quote is a quote that a writer uses without introduction or integration, and it will disrupt the writer's own tone and flow.
There are three ways of introducing quotes to prevent them from being free-standing.
1. Use a simple introductory phrase, like "According to" or "So-and-so argues." This method emphasizes the author, so a writer would use this when he or she wants to emphasize the person as an expert or someone offering testimony.
Here's an example.
According to Siegfried Kracauer, "While time is not part of the photograph like the smile or the chignon, the photograph itself, so it seems to them, is a representation of time" (424).
2. Write your own sentence, then use a quote (introduced with a colon) that functions as evidence or demonstration of your sentence's ideas. Be sure your sentence is a complete sentence; otherwise, the sentence becomes a fragment. This method works most effectively for using source material as evidence for the writer's own claims.
Here's an example.
In certain ways, a photograph functions as a more reliable witness than our own memory: "Memory encompasses neither the entire spatial appearance nor the entire temporal course of an event. Compared to photography memory's records are full of gaps" (Kracauer 425).
3. Instead of introducing the entire quote, integrate pieces (words, phrases, or clauses) into the context of the writer's own syntax. This method works best to synthesize ideas and to create a smooth flow.
Here's an example.
When we reduce our experience of the world to collecting photographs, we become guilty of the "warehousing of nature" (Kracauer 435) and loved ones in dusty albums as forgotten souvenirs.
Your assignment:
A. Find three quotes from your sources that you will use in your essay.
B. Introduce those quotes and/or incorporate them into a sentence of your own that you will use in your essay. Make sure you cite the author and page number (and year if you're using APA). I have no preference as to which citation format you use as long as you are using it correctly.
C. Post those three sentences to the blog.
Color plays a significant role in the marketing field. According to Lauren Labrecque and George Milne, “As a marketing tool, color attracts consumers and can shape their perceptions. Through color, a brand can establish an effective visual identity, form strong relationships with a target market, and position itself among competitors in the marketplace.”(711)
ReplyDeleteColors affect consumers in two different ways. Colors can trigger arousal, “producing physiological responses such as increased brain activity and heart rate”, or “evaluative responses, which induce attitude change”. (Labrecque and Milne, 713)
The color red significantly influences purchasing decisions made by the consumer. According to Kit Yarrow, “Merchandise displayed on red backgrounds gets higher bids than merchandise displayed on blue backgrounds. Waitresses wearing red uniforms get 16 to 24 percent higher tips from men than waitresses wearing any other color.” (36)
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ReplyDeleteAnna Storozhuk explains the impact of color on human. She explains that all color signals the brain, color has an impact on our emotion. The emotion causes us to react to the color we are seeing (Storozhuk, 2011).
ReplyDeleteVictoria Finlay stated, “White paint is white because it reflects most light rays away from it. The penalty it pays for this apparent purity is that it absorbs almost no light into its own body, and – for lead white at least – this means that its own heart is black” (Finlay, 2003, p. 104).
Fetterman, Liu, and Robinson (2015) found that in hostile social situations there is a preference for red. The researchers finding showed that in hostile social situation individuals notice the color more than others, and there is a relationship between hostile situations and the color red (Fetterman, Liu, & Robinson, 2015).
Heriberto Pina
ReplyDeleteAccording to Mark Ritchie, “These computer images will allow the traders to view the firm's real-time position for an option market across both a range of strike prices and a range of expiration dates in one picture, with different colors used to represent different concentrations of positions” (120).
In many ways, when it comes to investing it comes down to the investor's preference: “It's simply that instead of looking at prices through clear glass, traders who use these methods are looking at prices through different-colored tints” (Ritchie 161).
When it comes down to product selection, color plays a role, and it's all about painting a picture “ that shows happiness and confidence” (Ritchie 168) to the success of the organization.
Bloods has increased over time, “… size and influence, as the crack epidemic devastated South Central and gangs became increasingly involved in drug dealing and production” (Lee 232).
ReplyDeleteFinlay states, “In our modern language of metaphors, red is anger, it is fire, it is the stormy feelings of heart, it is love, it is the god of war, and it is power” (142).
By these action, this influences law enforcement to engage to stop and control the crimes that this dangerous gang is committing that puts their own life in danger because Bloods “agree upon the commission of crimes” (Anonymous) of drugs and weapons.
According to Lisa Daly’s book “Loose Parts: Inspiring Play in Young Children” she claims, “children use color as a means for defining and organizing their world” (pg. 22).
ReplyDeleteAccording to Naseem Khalili’s scholarly article, “Colour Communication in Children’s Play Environments” he argues that color can be used to control emotions, express feelings appropriately, and to communicate ideas (pg. 15).
Kin Wai Michael Siu argues in his scholarly article “Children’s choice: Color associations in children’s safety design”, that color influences the levels of conveyed hazards (pg. 4).
“Self-regulation is the ability to so what needs to be done in the optimal state for the given situation… regulating one’s sensory needs, emotions, and impulses to meet the demands of the environment, reach one’s goals, and behave in a socially appropriate way” (Kuypers, pg. 3).
ReplyDeleteLean Kuypers gives us good advice how we can begin to teach children about the Zones of Regulation, “Visually demonstrate to students how their behaviors generate different types of thoughts in other (uncomfortable thoughts/good thoughts). Demonstrate this through the use of two different colored Popsicle sticks, paper clips, or any other small colored objects you have. The use of visual makes this social concept more understandable for students” (pg. 52).
According to Roy D'Andrade “Similarly, according to our theory "green" is felt to be restful and "red" is felt to be vibrant not because of their spectral wavelength, but because what is called "red" is a very saturated color while "green" refers to a rather unsaturated color” (pg. 62).
An interesting point stated by Lisa Daly in Loose Parts: Inspiring Play in Young Children is that colors can be used to compare and contrast students’ emotions and feelings (pg.22).
ReplyDeleteIn “Environmental Psychology in the Classroom: Four Studies”, Royal W. Van Horn shows how age affects students perspective when choosing colors (pg. 176).
In the article "Children's Choice: Color Associations in Children's Safety Sign Design", Kin Wai Michael Siu states how colors can be used to convey messages (pg.1).
1. A study done by Amy Albert found that “… specific hues of red do have some effect on an individual’s sense of mood” (2007). Albert found that warm shades of red cause a negative mood response particularly in men. Having athletes in a negative mood while receiving treatment can lead to an athlete who is also uninterested in the healing process, or not interested in complying with the therapy.
ReplyDelete2. Researcher Kemal Yildirim of Gazi University stated that “if it is desired that interiors be seen as spacious, restful, calm, and peaceful, then cool colors should be used. On the other hand, if it desired that interiors be seen as more arousing, exciting, and stimulating, then warm colors should be used” (2011).
3. Researcher Jin Gyu Park, PhD argues that “If appropriate visual colors can provide positive stimulation, then patients will feel more comfortable, permitting a quicker recovery” (2009). Park performed a study with children in a pediatrics’ office. The children were examined in different rooms of different colors and that surveyed on which room color they preferred.
According to Sheila Glazov, "Yellow Brainers thrive on the responsibilities of leadership" (23).
ReplyDeleteBlue Brainers are described as emotional people, "They select health care professional careers as nurses, social workers, child life specialists, pediatric nurses and physicians, mammography technicians, hospital volunteer coordinator, and wellness specialists. Their professional careers in non-health care fields often include artists, social workers, musicians, child care providers, and pet care specialists" (Glazov 24).
Green Brainers get their self-confidence "by acquiring and imparting knowledge and solving problems" (Glazov 25) like becoming physicians, engineers, or lawyers.
Alyssa Obordo
DeleteWhat is color? According to Alex Byrne and David R. Hilbert “Colors are properties represented by certain kinds of visual experiences” (2002).
ReplyDeletePhysiological behaviors, such as perception of colors, can indicate changes in one’s health. “A familiar but overlooked symptom in affective disorders is patient self- report of alterations in color sensitivity” (Barrick et al, 2002).
Colors can become an element of contradiction in patients suffering from certain diseases such as in schizophrenia. “An 18- year- old recent immigrant from Eastern Europe believes that wearing certain colors will ward off the “evil eye” and prevent catastrophes that would other wise occur” (Black et al, 2014).
Melanin, as defined by Nina G. Jablonski an American anthropologist and palaeobiologist known for her research into the evolution of skin color in humans, "is the collective term for a large family of molecules that can absorb broadly in the visible light spectrum and are dark in color." (Jablonski 10)
ReplyDeletelight is the beginning of life and color:"We, along with virtually all other animals and plants, are creatures of light." (Lee 35)
The aptly named “blue code,” or “blue wall of silence” cultivates a culture of corruption, wherein having a particular job alone is considered reason to silence honest reporting and cover up objectively immoral behavior, making the social identity constituted, in part, by a play-ignorant mentality in the face of investigation.
ReplyDeleteKatheryn Russel argues, “The “out-of-place” doctrine gives police a legal support for stoping and questioning blacks at a disproportionate rate. It allows police to use a person’s race as a factor in making a stowed someone is in an area where another race predominates” (page 66).
Traci Burch reports, "Among first‐time offenders, both the race‐only models and race and skin color models estimate that, on average, blacks receive sentences that are 4.25 percent higher than those of whites even after controlling for legally‐relevant factors such as the type of crime."
Protecting one another includes any wrong doing even if its towards you; Because Cox refused to remain silent about the beating, Cox was labeled a ‘‘rat’’ and shunned by his colleagues at the police department” (Nolan 250).
ReplyDeleteAccording to Victoria Finlay, “In our modern language of metaphors, red is anger, it is fire, it is the story feelings of heart, it is love, it is the god war, and its power” (142).
According to Hochschild, Dark-skinned blacks in the United States have lower socioeconomic status, more punitive relationships with the criminal justice system, diminished prestige, and less likelihood of holding elective office compared with their lighter counterparts” (Hochschild & Weaver 633).
According to Andrew J. Elliot and Markus A. Maier, “After the visual-matching task, participants completed an IQ test. Results indicated that participants shown red performed worse and evidenced more local processing than did those shown gray” (253).
ReplyDeleteFor example, red resembles the color of blood in which in some instances might provoke an individual’s emotions or “motor responses”(Kwallek 131) though, green has “soothing effect on emotion and performance”(Kwallek 131).
In certain ways, companies can have a leading advantage in the business market: “Successful firms must also have an awareness of changes taking place in the societies and their associated cultures in which they are competing” (Hitt, 50).
Using colors that don't compliment specific activities "can lead to irritability, premature fatigue, lack of interest, and behavioral problems"(Atkinson 22).
ReplyDeleteAccording to Kate Zernike, "In Minnesota, with its relentlessly gray winters, otherwise sophisticated taupe walls become depressing. In Florida, with its beating sunshine, orange will overstimulate children."
Frank H. Mahnke states that color is simply "the sensation caused by certain qualities of light that the eye recognizes and the brain interprets"
In the book, “Speaking of Colors and Odors” edited by Martina Puchamer, there are many different pieces of the book that speak of how different colors attribute to the way people perceive different aspects in life. An example on how people view certain items just because of the views of color and wording are on page 70, it is said that, “Colors are subdivided into warm and cold colors or provided with acoustic and tactile qualities, such into the following expressions: loud red, soft blue, heavy dark green, etc".
ReplyDeleteIn the novel Color, by Victoria Finlay, she describes an encounter with a young man where she asked what the color yellow represented, and he had responded with, “Yellow is the light in the nature. It invites the soul, as black protects the soul" (208).
Kate Zernike, of the New York Times, describes how the different uses of color in a classroom can have many impacts. Zernike states, “In general, bright colors stimulate brain activity and respiration. Cool colors promote muscle relaxation and reduction in blood pressure -- especially good for calming budding teenagers in the middle grades”.
Roberts and Roberts inform that once the mandala is complete, it "is destroyed to symbolize the impermanence of life" (209).
ReplyDeleteRoberts and Roberts describe the process of making these bright circles: "The manadla is made over a period of days or weeks by applying one grain of sand at a time to a previously laid out sketch" (209).
Some prayer flags display "sutras," "mantras," and even "mythological creatures" (Cross).
In the article “Coloring the Classroom”, Amy Wax is quoted stating that “in most classrooms, there are a lot of other things competing with wall colors, such as posters, artwork, etc.…These can lead to overstimulation, which is one reason you don’t want the wall color itself to be too stimulating.” (Atkinson, 1)
ReplyDeleteBehavior charts are common in most American elementary schools; the colors associated with these bad behaviors on behavior charts are almost seen as bad words to some children. This system is similar to what Victoria Finlay was referring to stating, “Purple is not the only color in history to have been bound by strict rule…” (305 Finlay)
Classrooms are not the only place to consider when deciding what color to paint a room within public schools, “Pilaroscia suggests that the nurse’s office and principal’s office be painted in more refined colors to reduce anxiety.” (Atkinson, 3)
According to Andrea Zetlin; Lois Weinberg and Nancy M. Shea, “Foster youths are more likely than their peers to struggle academically, socially, and behaviorally in the school setting (Zeltin, 2010).”
ReplyDeleteThe school a child attends really does rely on the type of education a child will receive because: “The socioeconomic backgrounds of students have a significant effect on the type and quality of teaching they receive as well as on their ultimate academic achievement (Morrison 115).”
In Margie Meacham’s article “How Color Can Affect Learning” she stated what she believes the color red stimulates in the brain. She said “Red stimulates the adrenal glands and can generate feelings of energy or threat, depending on the intensity of the stimulus. However, when used in conjunction with repetitive or detail-oriented tasks, red also appears to improve focus and performance (Meacham).”
According to the article, "Color in an Optimum Learning Enviroment, " The relationship between color and emotion is closely tied to color preferences, i.e whether the color elicits a positive or negative emotion" (Dagget, et. al, 2008).
ReplyDeleteAccording to Lisa Daly's article, " Color is the way that children make distinctions about things they see in the environment" (pg. 22).
"Psychological responses to color include changes in look and attention" (Gaines, et.al, pg. 49).